Type Two Diabetes Epidemic An Issue For The Pacifica...

Type 2 diabetes Why is having type two diabetes epidemic an issue for the pacifica community? Type two diabetes is a huge problem in the pacifica institution, as early studies have shown that while diabetes was virtually non-existent in populations aboriginal to the Pacific, maintaining a traditional lifestyle, this position was true for the metropolitan pacific population. Statistics show that over time type two diabetes prevalence has rapidly increased indigenously over time within the pacifica community. There was also epidemiological evidence which indicates that prevalence is generally lowest in traditional Pacific environment s or in other words type two diabetes is most commonly found within the pacifica community this is because of two main reasons which are genetics and lifestyle. It is proven that Pacific people experience greater morbidity and more complications than white people diagnosed with type two diabetes. Genetic factor alone cannot yet prove or explain reasons to these patterns or as to why pacifica people diagnosed with type two diabetes suffer more , o r a more likely to have type two diabetes than white people. Which are also due to rapid changes in lifestyle and risk factors, such as unhealthy diets, obesity and physical inactivity that have become widespread within the region. We now know that type two diabetes epidemic is a big risk factor for our pacifica community, this leads to bad health habits and issues which means genetically this could beShow MoreRelatedMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesand Issue Boxes are included in each chapter to highlight relevant concepts and issues, or related information, and we are even testing Profile Boxes. Learning insights help students see how certain practices—both errors and successes—cross company lines and are prone to be either traps for the unwary or success modes. Discussion Questions and Hands-On Exercises encourage and stimulate student involvement. A recent pedagogical feature is the Team Debate Exercise, in which formal issues and

Faith in Development Theory

Question: Does Faith have a place in Development Theory? Answer: Introduction Within the sphere of psychology, religious development has always been a major topic of interest since the beginning of this domain. Several researches have been done focusing on the developmental theory that has indicated a severe change in the complexity in both the behavioral and cognitive growth (Andrade 2014). However, the Faith Development Theory of James Fowler has been considered to be the most powerful framework with this field. The concept of the development debate was initially introduced in 1949, but has always been debated until a single explanation as to its meaning came (Nicholas 2014. In the initial stage, the term development was considered to be a concept in the economic field. Over the course of time, the concept of development has evolved and outgrew from the economic concept and included other concepts under an umbrella term. Later, the term development has been described as the procedure of enlarging the choice of people. However, the debate continued around hav ing an exact definition of development. The concept of faith have included with the developmental theory in later times. In this essay, the place of the concept of faith in the development theory has been critically discussed. Discussion In the early stages, the theory of development has been introduced by the president Truman in 1949, since then the concept was a topic of continuous debate (Bloch and Richmond 2015). The terms underdeveloped and developing have always been associated with the economic field. In the early stage, development and progress both were interrelated terms and progress was related with the economic growth. Later, several other concepts started getting included with the term development and evolved not only as an economic term but also as the quality of life that cannot be assessed only in terms of economic term. Concepts such as literacy, health care, infant mortality were associated with the concept of development (Heist and Cnaan 2016). Also, the identification of the needs of the needy and who exactly has the right to identify those needs were very much emphasized. Thus a traditional top down approach have started developing and it led to the grass root approach with the much popularized c oncepts like empowerment and participation. However, the continuous debate with the concept of development had been going on, there was a major lack in the thought of the development. Several researchers have called the term development as a polished variety of colonization and bringing westernization in all the other countries (Stewart and Shamdasani 2014). The initiatives with developmental theory and the developmental interventions have failed numerous times, and that was the primary reason for the debates regarding the developmental theories. As a result of development, there have been times, where in order to sustain true development, the bio centric norm of progression should be more specified and concerned than the human centric norms (Streib, Wollert and Keller 2016). Development should take into account that the sustainability of the earth is much more important, but also it needs to recognize that human is a little part of the huge interest and should acknowledge that even if human has achieved much more sophistication than the other beings, it still will be a small part of the universe. This growing belief with the concept of development, the developmental theory and the interventions took the account of spirituality and faith of the society as the concept of faith plays a significant role in the daily lives of individuals and the community life (Kelcourse 2015). According to some academicians, for most of the people the spirituality is an integral part of their understanding of the community and the development. Therefore it is very much expected that those concepts will find their way to the developmental theory. Many suggest that there is a strong belief in the human being that no development can be possible without the spiritual advancements and mist people across the world believe in this concept. According to the Director of the Church and Society Program of the Zimbabwe Council of Church, the development is supposed to be related with the values, choice making and confidence and this adherence is quite natural (Matthews 2017). Thus, it can be said, in many li teratures and discussions development is presented as a more spiritual and holistic concept in understanding the deepest longing and aspiration of life. Before getting into the discussion of faith in the developmental theory, it is important to look at the areas of religion and spirituality and its relation with faith. According to researchers, the spirituality acts as the major factor that drives the human beyond the natural beings and it refers to the transcendence (Ager and Ager 2015). An individual transcend the space and time in his imagination; he transcends the earthly limits of the body in speech; and religion and faith makes the individual transcend the humanity. Psychologists state that spirituality takes the individual in a specific context of time frame which is larger than the present one and provides a meaningful connection between the collective and the individual. Spirituality puts the individual in a meaningful place in the universe and unites the individual to that which will succeed him. Therefore the individual spirituality makes the connection with the broader picture or the God, whom no one can transcend. On the other hand, religion is very much God centric concept that involves the specific official as transmitted by the authorities and it is preserved by the traditional concepts. Therefore, faith is the response of the spirituality and the religious beliefs, although both of the concepts vary in a high degree (Crain 2015). Spirituality is a concept that incorporates the faith; however, faith incorporates the concept of religion. An individual might have faith with religious beliefs but cannot have religion without the faith, although this might happen on a surface level. Few academics say that, if religion can act as the instrument, the spirituality acts as the goal and faith acts as the trust through which the instrument travels to the goal. Faith is a formless concept that can extend beyond the established form of religion. It may include few political philosophies and the religious elements and the traditional beliefs that can blend the factors of mainstream religion with traditi onal and local practices (DeFilippis and Saegert 2013). Therefore, faith explains a more fluid concept than the religion and it crosses all the academic and other boundaries of the specific person. Consequently it can be said that faith and spirituality are both synonymous words which deal with the personal experience and the connection with the God. As long as the historical background of the role of faith in developmental theory is concerned, both the concepts were not related at their early stage. Mostly in the late nineteenth and the early twentieth century, the faith based organizations, or the FBOs go together with the colonial state in terms of education and health services in the developing countries, educational sector, hospitals, care homes etc (Casimir, Mathew and Nwankwo 2015). The time of 1945-1980 was the time of state supremacy and FBOs played an ambiguous role in the developmental procedure. In the recent time, faith and religious beliefs have redeveloped their role in the developmental discourse as a much prominent one, although it is quite minor. There can be found ample number of documents on the significant of incorporating the concept of faith into the development theory and distinguishing it as an element of development if it is succeed. Several post developmentalists suggest that the traditional outlook of development as the economic improvement had contributed to most of the destruction of many structured communities, as it had imposed many cultural values and norms of the development organizations on the communities (DeFilippis and Saegert 2013). However, no such programs can bring positivity and long-term outcomes until the concept is justified in the cultural norms and the values of the society. The spirituality is regarded as the prerequisite for the accomplishment of the developmental theories, as till now the scientific theories and other efficient concepts could not bring an end to the severe problems of the society such as malnutrition, hunger and poverty and human being is still left with inequality, social inj ustice and creeping depressive thoughts with death (Corey 2015). On the other hand, developmental programs with faith and spirituality encourage the general people in finding the meaning of life in the awareness of their deepest spiritual being which signifies the divine spark for some people. The most interesting concept about the faith in the developmental theory, that it can represent different belief systems and does not give any kind of supremacy to any one of the religions, however, it draws relevance from the common factors of them (Mitchell 2017). As an element of development, faith builds on the deepest sense of identity within the individual empowerment. It can be clearly recognized that the issue of faith and spirituality is being incorporated in developmental theory with the course of time. In a literature produced by World Bank 1998, a dialogue began between the Churches of Africa and the World Bank. This also indicates that the mainstay of modernism, World Bank conside red that there is a place of faith in the development theory. Academicians also say that if the faith inspired objects are introduced to the development theory, it becomes authentic and more successful. The objects that are based on faith, if they are introduced to the development theory, it becomes a mutual venture, where issues related to its logical applications become irrelevant (Ware, Ware and Clarke 2016). Thus the development theory has evolved to the response of individual beliefs and faith. The believers in the concept state that, development theory is a joint venture of love and faith which is concerned with the assurance that how long it will stay. Not only in the under developed countries, faith has also played an important role in the developed countries like UK, where faith has made a huge difference in the homeless services. The services in Manchester and London were severely influenced by the faith based organization. However, there are several arguments that the concepts of religion and faith can work as an obstruction to development. If it is historically concerned, the concept of development was first brought by the missionaries with the idea of improving the native countries they visited. The carnage that was committed with their specific goals of the visitation, spreading religion, have left several bitter implications with the concepts of missionary because most of the people have reacted against it. Not only this, development was secularized for a lot of other reasons too (Casimir, Mathew and Nwankwo 2015). There are three primary reasons that can show that religion and faith can be an obstruction to development theory. The first of them is that religion is a disruptive concept; secondly the religious politics can be much complex, thirdly religion can be risky while few religious beliefs work towards the basically diverse agenda that are driven by diverse tradition (Corey 2015). Spirituality and faith both deal with dark and sacred things that give an individual a specific identity and an interpretation of the world. Another reason that can enhance the idea of faith as an obstruction to development, that due to the work of the different faith institutions that are provoked by the wish to have more converts. As a result to that developmental sectors have been more associated with the similar faith groups. Conclusion In the previous sections, it can be seen that faith and spirituality have occupied a dichotomous position as an element of faith on one hand, and on the other hand it can work as an obstacle to the development theory. While faith may act as a highly compatible component of faith and can work as a motivating factor, it may also be a contradictory element to the specific aims of development and can be used to create divisiveness and inequality. In order to overcome this dichotomy, the early stage of development needs to be considered and it is necessary to find out what exactly the term adheres to. Many academicians have stated that history does not deal with the whole universe; rather it distinguishes it in different sectors. In that way, science and humanities can be treated as two independent spheres. If a discourse that is interdependent of all creations can be initiated, perhaps faith would not be used as something that can be used either negatively or positively, rather it can be treated as something that is a link between the scientific and the human experience. Reference List Ager, A. and Ager, J., 2015. The Place of Faith in Humanitarian Engagement with Displaced Communities. InFaith, Secularism, and Humanitarian Engagement: Finding the Place of Religion in the Support of Displaced Communities(pp. 31-54). Palgrave Macmillan US. Andrade, A., 2014. Using Fowler's Faith Development Theory in Student Affairs Practice.College Student Affairs Leadership,1(2), p.2. Bloch, D.P. and Richmond, L., 2015.Connections between spirit and work in career development: New approaches and practical perspectives. Routledge. Casimir, A., Mathew, C. and Nwankwo, A., 2015. Partnership between the State and the Church: Contextualizing Nigerian Faith-Based Vehicles as Poverty Reduction Tools in the Millenium.Open Journal of Political Science,5(02), p.58. Corey, G., 2015.Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy. Nelson Education. Crain, W., 2015.Theories of development: Concepts and applications. Psychology Press. DeFilippis, J. and Saegert, S., 2013.The community development reader. Routledge. Heist, D. and Cnaan, R.A., 2016. Faith-based international development work: a review.Religions,7(3), p.19. Kelcourse, F.B., 2015.Human development and faith: Life-cycle stages of body, mind, and soul. Chalice Press. Matthews, S., 2017. Colonised minds? Post-development theory and the desirability of development in Africa. Mitchell, B., 2017.Faith Based Development: How Christian Organizations Can Make a Difference. Orbis Books. Nicholas, S., 2014. Peacebuilding for faith-based development organisations: informing theory and practice.Development in Practice,24(2), pp.245-257. Stewart, D.W. and Shamdasani, P.N., 2014.Focus groups: Theory and practice(Vol. 20). Sage publications. Streib, H., Wollert, M. and Keller, B., 2016. The Faith Development Interview: Methodological Considerations. InSemantics and Psychology of Spirituality(pp. 239-249). Springer International Publishing. Ware, V.A., Ware, A. and Clarke, M., 2016. Domains of faith impact: how faith is perceived to shape faith-based international development organisations.Development in Practice,26(3), pp.321-333.

The Physics Of Scuba Diving Swimming with the Fish Essay Example For Students

The Physics Of Scuba Diving: Swimming with the Fish Essay The Physics Of Scuba Diving: Swimming with the Fish Essay Have you ever wondered what it would be like to swim with the fish and explore the underwater jungle that covers two-thirds of the earths surface? I have always been interested in water activities; swimming, diving and skiing, and I felt that scuba was for me. My first dive took place while on a family vacation. I came across a dive shop offering introductory dives, which immediately caught my interest. After much convincing (my parents), with my solemn assurance that I would be careful, I was allowed to participate in a dive. I was ready, or so I thought. We will write a custom essay on The Physics Of Scuba Diving: Swimming with the Fish specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The slim basics such as breathing were explained and I was literally tossed in. Sounds easy enough, right!, well WRONG!!. From the moment I hit the water, my experience was much less than fun. I quickly sank to the bottom into a new world, with unfamiliar dangers. I really wasnt ready for this experience. I was disorientated, causing me to panic, which shortened the length of my dive, not to mention my air supply. Lets just say I would not do that again. To start exploring the underwater world, one must first master a few skills. Certification is the first step of learning to dive. From qualified professionals one must learn how to use the equipment, safety precautions, and the best places to dive. This paper is designed to help give a general understanding of the sport and the importance that physics plays in it. Self- contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus, or SCUBA for short, is a hell of a lot of fun. However, there is considerably more to Diving than just putting on a wetsuit and strapping some compressed air onto ones back. As I quickly learned, diving safely requires quite a bit more in terms of time, effort, and preparation. When one goes underwater, a diver is introduced to a new and unfamiliar world, where many dangers exist, but can be avoided with proper lessons and understanding. With this knowledge the water is ours to discover. The Evolution of Scuba Diving Divers have penetrated the oceans through the centuries for the purpose of acquiring food, searching for treasure, carrying out military operations, performing scientific research and exploration, and enjoying the aquatic environment. Bachrach (1982) identified the following five principal periods in the history of diving which are currently in use. Free (or breath-hold) diving, bell diving, surface support or helmet (hard hat) diving, scuba diving, and, saturation diving or atmospheric diving (Ketels, 4) SCUBA DIVING The development of self-contained underwater breathing apparatus provided the free moving diver with a portable air supply which, although finite in comparison with the unlimited air supply available to the helmet diver, allowed for mobility. Scuba diving is the most frequently used mode in recreational diving and, in various forms, is also widely used to perform underwater work for military, scientific, and commercial purposes. There were many steps in the development of a successful self-contained underwater system. In 1808, Freiderich yon Drieberg invented a bellows-in-a-box device that was worn on the divers back and delivered compressed air from the surface. This device, named Triton, did not actually work but served to suggest that compressed air could be used in diving, an idea initially conceived of by Halley in 1716. (Ketels, 9) In 1865, two French inventors, Rouquayrol and Denayrouse, developed a suit that they described as self-contained. In fact, their suit was not self contained but consisted of a helmet-using surface-supported system that had an air reservoir that was carried on the divers back and was sufficient to provide one breathing cycle on demand. The demand valve regulator was used with surface supply largely because tanks of adequate strength were not yet available to handle air at high pressure. This systems demand valve, which was automatically controlled, represented a major breakthrough because it permitted the diver to have a breath of air when needed. The Rouquayrol and Denayrouse apparatus was described with remarkable accuracy in Jules Vernes classic, Twenty Thousand Leagues Under The Sea, which was written in 1869, only 4 years after the inventors had made their device public (Ketels, 10). .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc , .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc .postImageUrl , .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc , .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc:hover , .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc:visited , .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc:active { border:0!important; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc:active , .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1d3fd824d50aefd9786968c2551b74cc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Sad Day EssaySemi-Self-Contained Diving Suit The demand valve played a critical part in the later development of one form of scuba apparatus. In the 1920s, a French naval officer, Captain Yves Le Prieur, began work on a self-contained air diving apparatus that resulted in 1926 in the award of a patent, shared with his countryman Fernez. This .

goals of psychological research essays

goals of psychological research essays III. The four goals of psychological research are to describe, explain, predict, and control the issue. The first goal of psychological research is the method to describe each behavior and the circumstances it brings about. The goal following describe is the goal to explain. The need to know why the behavior occurs is essential. Another psychological research is to predict. Comprehending a behavior is to know when it will happen or what are the results. The final goal of psychological research is the goal to control behavior (Heiman, 1999). IIIB. Heiman (1999) discussed that scientific evidence is obtained through empirical, objective, systematic, and control research. Empirical is types of evidence that can be obtained by observation. Observing of events will bring upon knowledge of this evidence. Everyone will partake is having the same beliefs regarding these observations. Objectivity is type of scientific evidence is obtained through the observation of the same event but still have different impression. Observations must be free from bias. Systematic is the ideas that research observation are obtained in a methodical, step-by-step fashion. The use of systematic determines the role of each factor and combination of factors as they apply to a behavior. Controlled research is another way to simplify the situation by eliminating any extraneous factors that might influence the observed behaviors, which in turn, creates confusion. Create a clearly defined situation in which to observe only the specific behavior and the relevant factors that interest them are the main importance (Heiman. 1999). VI. Scientific hypothesis must be testable, falsifiable, precise, rational, and parsimonious. Testable, which means that the test can show that the hypothesis is false. Precise is the requirements that a scientific hypothesis should hold terms that are distinctly defined. Rational is the necessity that a scientific hypothesis should rea ...

To Build A Strong Brand Within The Fashion Industry Essay

To Build A Strong Brand Within The Fashion Industry - Essay Example The essay "To Build A Strong Brand Within The Fashion Industry" explores how to build a strong brand in the fashion industry. The adoption of multiple case studies design in the analysis is because the design produces more compelling evidence than single studies, in addition to providing stronger basis for construction of the theory. Zara is a Spanish retailer of clothing and accessories that is part of Inditex group with its base in Arteixo, Galicia. Since its debut in the fashion industry, the company has risen to the top and is currently one of the main stakeholder brands in fashion worldwide. Contrary to the fashion industry product development period of six months, the company has found efficient production processes that enable it to come up with a new product and release it to the store shelves in just two weeks. This has been one of the key strategies to its growth worldwide. With such an approach, the company has so far won the war of transferring its production aspects to l ow cost countries like China that is currently the wide trend by top fashion brands in the industry. The company currently has a large distribution network with 1751 stores worldwide trading as Zara and an extra 174 doing business as Kiddy’s class stores; the company’s branch for children’s clothing. The company sells 50% of its products within Spain, 26% in other European counties with the remaining 24% destined for Asia, Africa and the rest of the world. Table 4.2.2 shows how Zara has succeeded in building its brand name.

Accident Victim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Accident Victim - Essay Example Generally, duty of the psychiatric aide had involved the bathing of patients who were regarded as helpless. Each day, she is supposed to give nine (9) of the patients two rounds of bath – in the morning and evening. This had gone on as a daily and very normal routine till the present accident occurred. She reports that while she was giving one of patients his bath, she heard the sound of what was supposed to be struggling or fighting in the open of the inner bathroom where three other patients where waiting for their turn to both. Knowing the mental condition of the patients as not too stable, she rushed out to go and see what the problem was. She reports that normally the patients formed a queue and waited for their turns to be bathed. She acknowledges that the patients enjoy the bathing section and so there is normally brawl over who takes the first spot on the queue. When she went to see what was happening, it was reported to her that one of the guys was trying to jump the queue. As she was taking explanation from the person supposed to be the complainant, the accused suddenly pushed the complainant. She said she tried catching the patient who was pushed so that he could not fall but unfortunately, she fell together with the patient. The accident took place on the 6th of September. Because she was trying to save the patient from falling, she was the one who fell directly on the ground with the patient who was pushed falling on her as well. The fall resulted in fracture. Events leading on has made the doctor diagnose her with osteoporosis, which is explained by the New York City State Department of Health (2011) as â€Å"a disease that causes bones to become thin, weak and break easily.† This condition caused the interviewee to miss work for eleven working days because she was initially put under intensive care unit of the

Exterminate the brutes Essay Example for Free

Exterminate the brutes Essay â€Å"The Heart of Darkness† by Conrad is one of the great novels of English literature. This novel exposes the greed, malice and selfishness of the European men. They exploit the wealth of Africa in the name of civilizing the natives. They take away their ivory and in return gave them hunger, destitution, poverty, degradation and death. The English men of this novel lack morals and conscience. Conrad observed the hypocrisy of his countrymen and exposed it in a marvelous way in this short piece of art. In this novel he brings before us the nature of â€Å"western superiority† in primitive lands. Reading this story repeatedly, we know that the dark English coast before him recalls for Marlow the darkness of modern Africa, which is the natural darkness of the jungle but more than that the darkness of moral vacancy, leading to the atrocities he has beheld in Africa. This moral darkness of Africa, we learn later, is not the darkness of the ignorance of the natives, but of the Whitman who blinded themselves and corrupted the natives by their claim to be light-bearers. Walter Allen believes that, â€Å"The Heart of Darkness of the title is at once the heart of Africa, the heart of evil- everything that is nihilistic corrupt and malign – and perhaps the heart of man† According to Conrad himself, the story of â€Å"heart of darkness† is about the â€Å"criminality of inefficiency and pure selfishness when tackling the civilizing working Africa†. In the story Marlow makes much of the inefficiency and selfishness he sees everywhere along his journey in Africa. But it is the criminality of the civilizing work itself that receives the heaviest emphasis in the novel as a whole. J. W. Beach believes that Kurtz is the representative and dramatization of all that Conrad felt of futility and horror in what the Europeans in the Congo called â€Å"progress†, which meant the exploitation of the natives by the white men. Kurtz was to Marlow, penetrating this country, a name, constantly recurring in people’s talk, for cleverness and enterprise. But there were slight intimations, growing stronger as Marlow drew near to the heart of darkness, of traits and practices so abhorrent to all our notions of decency, honor and humanity that the enterprising trader gradually takes on the proportion of a ghastly and almost supernatural monster symbol for Marlow of the general spirit of this European undertaking On his journey up the Congo, Marlow comes across the forsaken railway truck, looking as dead as the carcass of some animal; the brick maker idling for a year with no bricks and no hope of materials for making them; the â€Å"wanton smashup† of drainage pipes abandoned in a ravine; burst, piled up cases of rivets at the outer station and no way of getting them to the damaged steam boat at the Central Station; the vast artificial hole somebody had been digging on the slope- all these and many more are the examples of the criminality of the inefficiency. Wilson Follet believed that in this novel, â€Å"the European is shown drained, diseased, a prey to madness and unutterable horror and death†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This proves that the white men over there, except the company’s accountant, are inefficient and selfish. They themselves do nothing, whereas on the other hand they exploit the natives to the maximum, they extract the maximum workout of them and pay them three nine –inch long brass-wire pieces a week, which are insufficient to buy them anything. As such most of the natives are starving and dying. This novel is a very faithful accord of the cruelties and atrocities perpetrated on the natives of Africa by their European masters. Talking of the roman conquest of England, Conrad says, it was â€Å"just robbery with violence, aggravated murder on a grand scale, and men going at it blind-as is very proper for those who tackle darkness†. What Romans had done in England, the English did in South Africa. Marlow admits that English conquests, like all others, â€Å"means the taking away it from those who have a different complexion or slightly flatter noses than ourselves,† though Kurtz went to the African jungle with an idea to civilize the natives; he saw his mission in Africa as that of torchbearer for white civilization. But very soon he starts extracting from the natives human sacrifices to himself as god. Finally, his hatred for the natives plunged to the depth out of which came his prescription of the only method for dealing with primitive people: â€Å"Exterminate the brutes! † The European Whitman in Africa is parasites; they are hollow; they have no personal moral vision of their inhumanity and folly. They are also collapsible, because their society’s institutions are incapable to hold them up. Ivory has become the idol of the foolish run of European pilgrims; and Kurtz is no exception. † all Europe contributed to the making of Kurtz. † Joseph Conrad is a modern artist. He uses impressionistic technique of novel writing in his novel, â€Å" The Heart of Darkness†. The appeal of a novel, Joseph Conrad wrote, â€Å"must be and impression conveyed through senses â€Å". This impression could not be conveyed through the most complete inventory of details; it is an intuitive whole and must be rendered so, instantaneously. † the meaning of an episode is not inside like a kernel but outside enveloping it,† his spokesman Marlow declared. He avoids generalized narrative. He tell us the story in vivid impressions something like Virginia wolf. E. M. Forster in his seminal novel â€Å" A Passage To India’ too discuss some what â€Å"the Heart of Darkness† like situation. This novel discusses in detail the severe clash between the two fundamentally different cultures, those of East and West. The administration and their families residing there represent the westerners. Although these western people wish to maintain good relations with the easterners whom they govern, they have no desire to understand India or Indians. The Westerners rule the natives with an iron hand without caring for justice and fair play.